美国华盛顿州社区学院补偿教育的实践样态——基于I-Best项目的分析

The Practice Sample of Compensatory Education of Washington State’s Community College in the United States——An Analysis Based on I-Best Program

美国华盛顿州社区学院"整合基础教育与技能培训"(I-Best)项目是华盛顿州应对时代变化而进行的重要职业教育改革举措。该项目基于补偿教育理念,整合学术教育与职业教育内容,旨在为那些没有中学后教育经历的低技能成年劳动力提供补偿性质的基础教育与技能培训。该项目的运行逻辑为:整合教学内容是项目运行的核心环节;双元教师合作是项目运行的内在动力;制度安排灵活是项目运行的关键所在;学生支持服务是项目运行的重要保障;上升渠道畅通是项目运行的基本路径。该项目已取得了良好的社会效应,主要表现在:为华盛顿州供给了大量的高层次技术技能人才;开辟了高层次技术技能人才培养新途径;促进了弱势群体向上社会流动。

Washington State Community College’s"Integrated Basic Education and Skills Training"(I-Best)program is an important vocational education reform in Washington state to respond to the changing times.The program is based on the concept of compensatory education and integrates academic and vocational education.It aims to provide compensatory basic education and skills training for low-skilled adult laborers who have no post-secondary education experience.The operation logic of the program is:the integration of teaching content is the core link of the program operation;the dual teacher cooperation is the intrinsic driving force of the program operation;the flexible arrangement of the system is the key to the program operation;the student support service is the important guarantee for the program operation;and the smooth flow of ascending channels is the basic path for program operation.The program has achieved good social effects,which are mainly reflected in:providing a large number of high-level technical personnel for Washington State;opening up new ways to cultivate high-level technical personnel;and promoting the upward social mobility of vulnerable groups.