从本科与研究生教育共存度看一流本科专业建设——基于2018年卡内基高校分类数据的研究

On the Construction of the First-Class Undergraduate Programs from the Perspective of“Coexistence”Between Undergraduate Education and Graduate Education: A Research Based on the 2018 Database of Carnegie Classification

统筹本科教育与研究生教育的关系,是一流本科专业建设的重要课题。以卡内基分类中的关键概念——本科教育与研究生教育共存度为视角,基于2018年卡内基分类数据,通过对美国的世界一流高校本科与研究生教育共存度特征及其与一流本科专业建设关系的研究,发现不同类型高校共存度存在显著差异,博士学位授予大学共存度最高;世界一流大学普遍拥有较高的共存度,且共存度对大学学科专业建设成就具有显著的正向效应。所以,营造"本研协同"的专业发展生态,科学平衡不同层次专业办学规模,建立"本研一体化"的招生选拔机制,打造"本研一体化"课程模式,是推进一流本科专业建设的有效途径。

The relationship between undergraduate education and graduate education is a key issue in theconstruction of first-class undergraduate programs. Based on the database of 2018 Carnegie Classification, thispaper takes the perspective of the key concept of Carnegie Classification——"coexistence"between undergraduateeducation and graduate education, and investigates the coexistence features in top American universities and therelationship between coexistence and construction of first-class undergraduate programs. It was found that there wassignificant difference in coexistence among different types of colleges and universities, with the highest degree ofcoexistence in doctoral universities. In addition, the world-class universities generally had a high degree ofcoexistence, and coexistence had a significant positive effect on the professional construction achievements ofAmerican universities. It concludes that to promote construction of the first-class undergraduate programs shouldcreate a"coordination of undergraduate education and graduate education"of professional development ecology,balance the scale of different levels of professional running schools, build an"integration of undergraduate-graduateeducation"talent selection mechanism and establish an "integration of undergraduate-graduate education"curriculum model.