我国五省核医学工作场所放射性核素浓度分析

Analysis of radionuclide concentration in workplaces of nuclear medicine in five provinces of China

目的通过对不同地区5个省的部分临床核医学的调查,获取临床核医学工作场所主要放射性核素的空气中的活度浓度水平,并分析了临床核医学中相关人员的剂量水平,为建立适合我国国情的临床核医学防护规范提供依据。方法选择5个省份的部分开展临床核医学的医院,对相关的场所进行空气采样,采用无源效率刻度方法进行γ能谱分析,计算得到各场所关注核素的空气中的活度浓度分布水平,估算相关场所中工作人员因放射性核素操作所致的年待积有效剂量。结果对5个省的9家开展临床核医学的医疗机构核医学相关工作场所进行了采样测量,开展131I治疗的医院工作人员年待积有效剂量最大值为1.67×10^−1 mSv;开展99Tcm诊断的医院工作人员年待积有效剂量最大值为2.80×10^−3 mSv;结论不同的医院和场所中核素浓度水平差异较大。正常工作条件下,5个省份的9家医院核医学工作场所的工作人员年待积有效剂量均比国家标准对个人剂量的限值要求低很多。

Objective Through the investigation of some clinical nuclear medicine in 5 provinces in different regions of China,the activity concentration levels of the main radionuclides in the air in clinical nuclear medicine workplaces were obtained,and the dose levels of relevant personnel in clinical nuclear medicine were analyzed,so as to provide a basis for the establishment of clinical nuclear medicine protection standards suitable for China's national conditions.Methods Nine hospitals in 5 provinces which have carried out clinical nuclear medicine were selected to,take air samples from relevant sites,analyze the γ energy spectrum with the passive efficiency calibration method,to calculate the activity concentration distribution level of the concerned nuclides in the air in each site,and to evaluate the annual committed effective dose of the relevant site staff due to the radionuclide operation.Results Sampling and measurement were conducted in nuclear medicine-related workplaces of 9 medical institutions in 5 provinces which carried out clinical nuclear medicine.The maximum annual committed effective dose per year of hospital staff who engaged in 131I treatment was 1.67×10^−1 mSv.The maximum annual committed effective dose per year of hospital staff who engaged in 99Tcm diagnosis was 2.80×10^−3 mSv.Conclusion The nuclide activity concentration level was different in different hospitals and places.Under normal working conditions,the annual committed effective dose of nuclear medicine workers in the nuclear medicine workplace of the nine hospitals in five provinces was much lower than the national standard limits for individual dose.