模块化核辐射卫生应急队伍建制探讨

Discussion on the modular organization of health response team for nuclear or radiological emergencies

目的研究探讨核辐射卫生应急队伍模块化建制方案。方法评估我国核辐射卫生应急任务需求,结合历次核辐射卫生应急队伍演练和实际执行应急任务的经验,给出核辐射卫生应急队模块化设计方案。结果将核辐射卫生应急队伍分为指挥协调、辐射防护、伤员分类、现场医学救治、去污洗消、现场样品采集及检测、心理援助及信息沟通、后勤保障等8个模块,分别给出每个模块的人员和装备配备要求。根据评估的各类核辐射事件应急任务需求,给出每类事件需要派出的模块类型和数量。结论建议我国按照模块化设计思维,提出更加具有可操作性的核辐射卫生应急队伍建设标准,以进一步提升我国核辐射卫生应急能力。

Objective To study and discuss the modular organization plan of health response team for nuclear or radiological emergencies.Methods Evaluating the needs of health response team for nuclear or radiological emergencies,combining previous exercises and actual emergency experiences we design a modular organization plan of health response team for nuclear or radiological emergencies.Results The health response team for nuclear or radiological emergencies is divided into 8 modules,including command coordination,radiation protection,triage of casualties,on-site medical treatment,decontamination,on-site sample collection and testing,psychological assistance and communication,and logistics support.The personnel and equipment requirements of each module are provided.According to the assessment of various types of nuclear or radiological emergencies,the type and number of modules were dispatched for different types of incident.Conclusion It is recommended that China adopt a modular design and propose more operable standards for the construction of health response team for nuclear or radiological emergencies,which could further improve China's health response capabilities for nuclear or radiological emergencies.