路网能力限制的城市轨道交通动态客流分配问题研究

Dynamic Passenger Flow Assignment of Urban Rail Transit Based on Network Capacity Limitation

城市轨道交通客流分配对城市轨道交通运营管理有着非常重要的参考价值,目前的研究多以静态客流分配为主,同时考虑路网输送能力约束及动态客流密度的研究较少,难以描述随时间变化的路网客流状态,因此本文着重研究考虑时间变量下的动态客流分配,剖析配流过程中路网输送能力和动态客流密度对乘客出行路径选择决策的影响。文章首先结合城市轨道交通线网及列车时刻表信息,建立时空扩展服务网络,区分畅通状态和拥堵状态下旅客广义出行费用计算方法;然后通过路网输送能力约束设置容量限制,以分批加载的方式,构建logit客流分配模型,对出行费用进行动态修正并设计求解算法实现动态客流分配。最后,通过以重庆轨道交通网络为例对模型及算法的可行性和有效性进行了分析和验证,体现了实际路网中容量限制条件对动态客流分配过程的约束作用。

The passenger flow assignment of urban rail transit has a very important reference value to the operation and management of urban rail transit. At present, the research mainly focuses on the static passenger flow assignment, there are few studies considering the network transmission capacity constraint and the dynamic passenger flow density of the road network at the same time, it is difficult to describe the passenger flow status of the network changing with time. Therefore, this article focuses on dynamic passenger flow assignment under considering time variable, analyzes the influence of road network transportation capacity and dynamic passenger flow density on the decision-making of passenger travel path selection. Firstly, this paper combines the urban rail transit network and train schedule information, establishes the time-space extension service network, and distinguishes the calculation method of generalized travel cost for passengers in unblocked and congested state. Then, the paper set the capacity limit through capacity limitation of the rail transit network, and builds logit passenger flow assignment model in the form of batch loading to dynamically correct travel cost and design solution algorithm to realize dynamic passenger flow assignment. Finally, analyzing and verifying the feasibility and effectiveness of the model and algorithm by taking Chongqing Rail Transit as an example, which reflects the constraint effect of capacity restriction conditions on dynamic passenger flow assignment process in the actual rail transit network.