麻风村:一个历史制度论的阐释

Leper Villages:An Interpretation of Historical Institutionalism

20世纪50年代末,一大批麻风村在“大跃进”影响之下作为一种特殊建制的村落出现在各地,成为全面收容隔离麻风病人的中坚。麻风病是一种慢性传染病,病人在家治疗要比在麻风村集体隔离治疗更为合理,那么为何前者反被后者取代,本文基于历史制度论学说对这个问题展开解释。

This paper utilizes the perspective of historical institutionalism to explain why many leper villages were hastily established in the Great Leap Forward(1958-1961).The main argument in the following is that the construction of more than 700 leper villages during the GLF had little to do with the disease’s contagiousness,but it was the result of an official policy for dispelling the public fear of a highly stigmatized disease so as to make sure that people’s fear of being infected by lepers would not interfere with the people’s commune system,which required a collective mode of life and work in the rural areas.It is also argued that the decline of the leper villages in the 1980s was due to a new therapy,constitutional revisions,and the termination of the people’s commune system.