语法化与句法变异研究的整合

Integration of the Studies on Grammaticalization and Syntactic Variation

语法化研究自主成分向语法成分转化的历时语言现象,而句法变异研究同一个语法形式在共时层面的社会分布状况。实际上,语言的历时变化就产生和体现在共时变异之中,因而应该整合当前的语法化与句法变异研究,从社会语言学的视角来审视语法化,充分考虑语言演变的社会因素。这既可以推动社会语言学的发展,也可以使语法化研究更加全面,同时也有助于研究者将历时研究与共时研究更好地结合起来。

Grammaticalization is concerned with the diachronic linguistic change from autonomous components to grammatical components,while syntactic variation studies the social distribution of the same grammatical form at the synchronic level.In fact,the diachronic change of language is produced and embodied in synchronic variation.Current researches on grammaticalization and syntactic variation should be integrated,thus examining grammaticalization from the perspective of sociolinguistics,and fully considering the social factors of language evolution,which can not only promote the development of sociolinguistics,but also make the research on grammaticalization more comprehensive,and meanwhile help researchers better integrate diachronic research with synchronic research.