外泌体及其成分在胰腺癌转移中的作用

Role of exosomes and their components in pancreatic cancer metastasis

胰腺癌(pancreatic cancer, PC)发现晚、易转移、预后差,是威胁人类健康的重大疾病.其中复发和转移是防治的重点和难点.近期的研究表明,外泌体参与和调控了PC细胞的转移和侵袭能力,可能成为防治PC转移的新靶点.外泌体及其各类成分可能参与了以下过程:破坏肿瘤细胞紧密连接、增强侵袭力、促进上皮-间充质转化、促进转移前生态位形成、影响细胞能量代谢、抑制宿主免疫反应导致免疫逃逸等.现将外泌体在PC转移中如何发挥作用的研究进展做一简要概述.

Pancreatic cancer(PC) is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and easy to metastasize,and therefore it has a poor prognosis,greatly threatening the lives of patients.Recurrence and metastasis are the key points and difficulties in PC prevention and treatment.Recent studies have shown that exosomes participate in and regulate the metastasis and invasion of PC cells,which may become a new target for the prevention and treatment of PC metastasis.Exosomes and their various components may be involved in the following processes:Destroying the tight junctions of tumor cells,enhancing the invasiveness of PC cells,promoting epithelialmesenchymal transition of PC cells,promoting niche formation before metastasis,affecting energy metabolism of PC cells,and inhibiting host immune response.In this paper,we give a brief overview of the role that exosomes play in PC metastasis.