鸡产蛋性能遗传因子的研究进展

Research Progress on Genetic Factors of Laying Performance in Laying Hens

鸡的产蛋性能不仅受外界环境影响,还受内分泌和遗传因子的影响,其中遗传因子为决定性因素。随着测序技术发展,鸡产蛋性能候选基因研究不仅基于常见的内分泌的下丘脑-垂体-性腺(HPG)轴相关繁殖激素,一些与产蛋性能显著相关的其他基因也逐渐被发现。同时大量产蛋相关新基因也被证实,为产蛋性能的分子遗传机制的研究提供了新思路。本文主要集中于对影响鸡产蛋性能的内分泌因子、候选基因以及通过全基因组关联(GWAS)发掘到的与产蛋性能相关的新基因研究进展进行综述,为鸡育种提供必要的分子基础,同时有助于后续相关功能基因的研究。

The egg-laying performance is important production performance in hens, it determines the reproductive performance in laying hen. The egg-laying performance are not only influenced by external environment factors, but also by endocrine and genetic factors, and heredity is the decisive factor of egg-laying performance. With the development of sequencing technology, the study of candidate genes of egg laying performance in hens is not only based on the hypothalamicpituitary-gonad(HPG) axis, but also some candidate genes beyond the HPG axis have been gradually discovered. At the same time, a large number of new genes correlation with egg production performance have been confirmed, which provide a new idea for the study of molecular genetic mechanism in egg production performance. This review mainly focuses on the research progress of endocrine factors, candidate genes and new genes related to egg-laying performance discovered by GWAS. It provides the necessary molecular basis for chickens breeding, and is also helpful for the follow-up study of related functional genes.