关于新冠病毒疫苗研发的思考

Thoughts on COVID-19 Related Vaccine Research

新冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2)疫苗能否研发成功引起全社会关注。目前,大多数新冠肺炎病人可以自然康复,没有明确证据证明新冠病毒可以长期在体内潜伏,而且康复的患者血清可以治疗新冠肺炎病人,这些都预示着新冠病毒疫苗研发可能会成功。另一方面,新冠病毒疫苗研发也可能失败,主要原因是疫苗可能引起抗体依赖增强(antibody-dependent enhancement, ADE),即疫苗诱导的抗体可能增强病毒的感染能力。另外,疫苗也可能引起免疫性肺损伤。当前,疫苗的种类很多,包括传统型的疫苗和新型疫苗。从理论上来说,所有已经有的疫苗种类和技术都可以尝试用在新冠病毒疫苗的研究上。

Whether the new coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2) vaccine will be successfully developed has attracted attention of the whole world. In general, most infected patients can clear the virus from their bodies and finally recover, and the convalescent plasma collected from recovered people has a therapeutic effect on severe cases of COVID-19. These facts indicate that the viral infection can induce protective immunity in humans, and that vaccines would be successfully developed. However, there is a major concern that vaccina tion to the virus may cause antibody-dependent enhancement(ADE), which would result in failure of the vaccine development. And immune-mediated lung injury may be another concern about the virus vaccines.Nowadays, there are many types of vaccines, including traditional vaccines and novel ones. In theory, all types of vaccines and various methods can be tried in the research and development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.