人群对新型冠状病毒的预防情况及心理压力水平分析

An Analysis of Precautionary Actions Against SARS-Co V-2 and Psychological Stress Levels of Different Populations in China

严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2)是一种从肺炎患者气道上皮细胞中分离得到的新型冠状病毒。2019年12月底,新冠肺炎疫情开始出现,并逐渐在全球范围内蔓延。目前,全球确诊病例和死亡病例已分别超过1 112万和52万。尽管人们已经对这种新型冠状病毒采取了预防措施,但SARS-CoV-2及其导致的新冠肺炎仍然造成了压力和恐慌。本文通过向社会各阶层、各地区人群随机发放匿名调查问卷的方式,评估了受试人群对SARS-CoV-2的认知、预防措施和压力水平。经过筛选后本次调查一共收集到了710份有效样本。数据分析结果显示:人群大多采取了有效的预防措施;医务人员、医学生、非医学生和其他工作人员对病毒的认识程度不同,从而压力水平也不同。武汉地区的居民比其他地区的居民压力更大;实施了有效的预防措施、有良好认知的人员,特别是医务人员,其压力水平较低。本研究旨在分析人群针对SARS-CoV-2采取预防措施的有效性以及新冠肺炎疫情造成的人群心理压力水平,借此探讨在疾病治疗、媒体报道和政府措施等各个方面的相关防疫举措,力求缓解SARS-CoV-2对人群造成的心理压力。

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus isolated from airway epithelial cells in patients with pneumonia. At the end of December 2019, the coronavirus dis-ease 2019(COVID-19) epidemic began in Wuhan, China, and gradually spread all over the world. There have now been more than 11 125 000 confirmed cases and 528 000 deaths worldwide. Although people took pre-ventative measures against this virus, both the virus and the epidemic still caused great stress and panic. A random sample survey with an anonymous questionnaire was used and 710 valid samples were collected.Knowledge about the virus, preventive measures and stress levels were assessed in this survey. The results showed that people generally had effective precautions during the epidemic. Medical staff, medical students,nonmedical students, and other workers had different awareness levels about the virus, and their stress levels also varied. People in Wuhan had higher levels of stress than those in other regions. People who implemented effective preventive measures and had a good understanding of SARS-CoV-2, especially medical staff,had lower stress levels. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of preventive measures against SARSCoV-2 and the psychological stress levels of populations, and to further explore the response measures in various aspects such as disease treatment, media coverage and government measures, so as to help alleviate the psychological stress brought by the novel coronavirus.