基于Landsat影像的赤峰市生态环境状况评估

Assessment of ecological environment in Chifeng City based on Landsat imagery

根据国家生态环境状况评价技术规范,基于1990,2000,2010和2015年四期的遥感和地理信息数据对赤峰市生态环境状况进行评估.结果表明:赤峰市的生态环境变化状况可以分为3个阶段,即退化期(1990~2000年),恢复期(2000~2010年)和平稳期(2010~2015年).4a生态环境状况指数(EI)分别为70.58、61.21、67.63和68.35,生态环境状况整体为良.赤峰市1990~2015年生态环境状况变化度(△EI)为-2.23,略微变差.从退化时期到恢复时期,△EI由负变正,表明赤峰市生态环境状况在2000~2010年期间有所改善;从恢复时期到平稳时期,|△EI|变小,表明2010~2015年间生态环境状况变好趋势减缓.城市化进程和水资源短缺是赤峰市生态环境状况转好趋势减缓的主要原因,因此需要进一步开展生态保护工程,并合理利用地下水资源.

According to the evaluation method of"Technical Criterion for Eco-environmental Status Evaluation(HJ/T192—2015)",this study evaluated the eco-environmental status and its changes in Chifeng,Inner Mongolia,China with the remote sensing data and geographic information in 1990,2000,2010 and 2015.Results showed that the evolution of eco-environmental status during this period in Chifeng could be divided into three stages:the degradation period from 1990 to 2000,the recovery period from 2000 to 2010,and the stable period from 2010 to 2015.Ecological environment index(EI)were 70.58,61.21,67.63 and 68.35 in 1990,2000,2010 and 2015,respectively,and the overall ecological environment was fine.From 1990 to 2015,the degree of change in eco-environmental status was–2.23,slightly worse off.During the period of 1990~2000 and the period of 2000~2010,the change of EI became positive from negative,which indicated that the eco-environmental status of Chifeng was improved significantly during 2000~2010.From 2000~2010 to 2010~2015,the change in EI became smaller,indicating that the eco-environmental status was stabilized in 2010~2015.Acceleration of urbanization and shortage of water resources were the main limiting factors for the improvement of ecological environment in Chifeng.Therefore,it is necessary to further promote ecological protection projects and make rational use of groundwater resources.