基于知识图谱的国内外创新扩散研究可视化分析

A visualized analysis of the research on"diffusion of innovations"at home and abroad based on the knowledge map

基于文献计量学引文分析原理,本研究以1983年—2017年创新扩散领域3574篇中文文献和33288篇英文文献为数据,运用CitespaceV分析工具,可视化呈现了该领域国内外研究的知识结构网络图,综合分析比较了国内外研究热点和知识基础。研究显示:(1)国内“以创新扩散为研究起点,以传播理论和技术创新两条路径为主导”的U型研究路径形成;(2)以“双一流”高校为主导,以中西部高校为重要力量的研究格局形成;(3)“偏管理,轻传播”的研究特点形成,发展出“以管理为目标,以传播为工具”的研究背书;(4)中西研究对比差距大,国内创新传播实践发展与学术研究落差大。展望未来,国内创新扩散研究还需强化科研底气、提振科研自信;培树权威科研团队,形成创新扩散的学术阵地;针对国内特殊“情境”应给予特别关注,摒除理论排斥效应;“创新扩散中国学派”将在探索中形成,创新扩散领域中国理论终将产生。

The theory of"diffusion of innovation"was first proposed by communication scholar Rogers,which is exploring the process of passing new product information to people or organizations over time,and the application of innovative products."Diffusion of innovation"can guide the operation and practice of new technology product promotion through deeply analyzing the internal and external influence factors of people's choice of behavior when adopting new products.Re-examining the theoretical study of"diffusion of innovation"rationally,and exploring new theoretical connotations of"diffusion of innovation"over time,is very important to promote the development of the theoretical system centered on"diffusion of innovation".Focusing on the theory"diffusion of innovation",we discuss the issue of localization adaptation of China's innovation diffusion research.In recent years,Chinese government,entrepreneurs and society have paid more and more attention to technological innovation and the application of innovative products.Scientific and technological innovation has even been elevated to the height of national strategy.The upgrading and evolution of China's innovation technology not only provides rich experience and cases for the"diffusion of innovation"research,but also poses new challenges to theoretical research.For example,Chinese scholars use Rogers'"S-curve"and Bass'"saddle-shaped"innovations in their studies,and this can rarely brings theoretical innovation,and local empirical research and case exploration of Chinese enterprise are seriously insufficient.The theoretical advancement and empirical research related to innovation diffusion must be based on a clear description and accurate evaluation of international and domestic innovation diffusion research.Therefore,sorting out related theories and research about innovation diffusion has become a vital link in advancing research in this field.In the existing methods of literature research,the scientific knowledge map which based on bibliometrics is an effective tool to management knowledge,which can visually describe the knowledge resources and their carriers under the state of time series,and provides a new way for literature analysis.Therefore,we collected 3574 Chinese documents and 33288 English documents in the field of"innovation diffusion"from 1983 to 2017,and constructed a visual map of the documents.By analyzing the keyword co-occurrence matrix,author agency cooperation network,and high-frequency cited literature,the research hotspots and cutting-edge topics in this field at home and abroad are compared,but we not limited to this.The research results are as follows:(1)Chinese scholars have explored the practice of innovation diffusion based on western theories,these studies started with"diffusion of innovation",formed two paths of communication theory and technological innovation,which called U-shaped path.It can be said that China's research in this field has basically formed local characteristics.(2)China has formed a research pattern dominated by"double first-class"universities(Top university and First-class discipline)and universities in the midwest.At the institutional level,"double first-class"universities have formed absolute dominance among all research institutions.Geographically,central and western universities occupy the absolute advantage of the top ten issuing institutions and become the main force in the field of innovation diffusion.(3)China's innovation diffusion research is a cross-cutting area,spread across multiple disciplines,and have formed a characteristics of"partial management,light communication".China's research in this field has gradually formed a research endorsement of"management as the goal and communication as the tool".The School of Television and Journalism,Communication University of China is the only leading institution in the field of journalism and communication,which deserves further attention.(4)There is a large gap in the comparison between Chinese and western research,and between the development of China's innovation communication practice and academic research.Many problems in domestic localization research remains,but there is still much room for improvement.Based on the above analysis,we not only hope that these research results can provide a reference for new researchers,but also hope to put forward the following points which worth noting.Firstly,strengthening research confidence and boosting research confidence is the basic prerequisite for doing better in innovation diffusion research in the future.A number of statistical indicators show that domestic journal article citations must talk about Rogers.70%of the highly co-sited authors are western scholars from the United States,70%of highly cited documents are from western scholars.In Chinese literature,there are few high-cited documents,and they are not core citations.This shows that domestic researchers in this field lack academic self-confidence and lack trust in local research,which has become a prominent problem in domestic research on innovation communication.Secondly,we should strive to cultivate an authoritative team about scientific research and form an academic position for innovation diffusion.Compared with the clear context and clustering of international research,and the close cooperation between institutional authors,there are few domestic scholars focusing on the field of innovation diffusion,few cooperative teams and scattered research power,and neither a clear academic leader nor authority research team.Integrating domestic research forces on innovation diffusion,strengthening cooperation between scholars and institutions,and establishing academic positions for innovation diffusion are the directions that need to be worked on.Thirdly,"situations"of Chinese research should be given special attention,which has not received enough attention.For example,some Chinese researchers bluntly used the theories about innovation diffusion,ignoring the context in which the theory originated and applied.If we want to do better in this field,we should pay special attention to the special research situations such as Chinese politics,economy,and culture.Based on the management practice of China's innovation diffusion,we should develop localization theories,and eliminate the mismatch and unsuitability of theoretical practice.All in all,in order to make every effort to ensure the rigor of the analysis process,we has made manual corrections for individual indicators,but there are still inadequacies in data collection,visual analysis,and comparative research.Further research can improve the visualization effect and the objectivity of conclusions.