油茶果脱蒲清选技术进展

Development on shelling and sorting technology of Camellia oleifera fruit

油茶果脱蒲清选技术路线分为先脱蒲清选再烘干与先烘果爆蒲再清选两种。先脱蒲清选再烘干路线的难点在于清选,清选方式有风选、浮选、筛选、色选、对辊清选,只有对辊清选适用于鲜果脱蒲后的蒲籽分离。先脱蒲路线以江西省农业机械研究所为代表,该所最早开展齿光辊蒲籽分离技术的研究,国内现有3家单位都基于该技术研制了平面床式蒲籽清选设备,分析比较3家单位的脱蒲清选工艺流程、整体布置、平面床式齿光辊清选设备。同时,本文分析了先烘果爆蒲再清选技术路线的工艺流程、关键设备及这种技术路线的优缺点,最后得出这两种技术路线不同使用场景。

There are two kinds of routes in shelling and sorting of Camellia oleifera fruit,one is shelling and sorting the fruit first then drying seeds,the other is drying the fruit first then sorting to obtain seeds.The difficulty of the first route is to separated the seeds from mixture of shells and seeds.The routes as air separation,water separation,screening,color selection and roller sorting,only the roller sorting is suitable for the fruit is shelled.The first route is represented by the Jiangxi Agricultural Machinery Research Institute,which research the roll sorting technology at the earliest,and there three units have set up the production line of shelling and sorting the fruit based on the plane sorting technology,compare the differences between the process of shelling and sorting routes,overall arrangement,plane sorting technology.Analysis process,crucial,pros and cons of the second route,then point out the different usage scenarios of these two technical routes.