中国城镇化高质量发展的综合测度与演化特征

Comprehensive Measurement and Evolution Characteristics of High Quality Development of Urbanization in China

城镇化高质量发展是实现国家现代化的重要保障。从经济发展、科技支撑、生态环保和协调共享4个维度构建城镇化高质量发展指标体系,基于熵权TOPSIS法测度中国城镇化高质量发展水平,借助Theil指数分解、空间聚类和地理探测器技术分析2003—2018年中国城镇化高质量发展的时空演化特征与驱动因素。研究结果显示,中国城镇化质量得到了大幅提升,但城镇化质量呈现出明显的“东高西低,中部分化”的空间分异特征;东部地区城镇化高质量发展的省域间差异出现缩小趋势,西部地区省域间差异变化不明显,中部地区省域间差异出现扩大趋势;产业结构、政府引导和利用外资分别是导致东中西部地区省域城镇化高质量发展空间分异的主要因素。东中西部地区要根据具体的发展特点和方向进行城市群建设,以此来优化城镇化的布局和形态。

High-quality development of urbanization is an important guarantee for China’s modernization. From the economicdevelopment, science and technology support, ecological environmental protection and coordination shared four dimensions tobuild index system of high-quality development of urbanization, based on entropy weight TOPSIS method to measure China’shigh-quality development level of urbanization, using Theil index decomposition, spatial clustering, and geographical detectortechnology analysis of 2003—2018 China’high-quality development of urbanization the space-time evolution characteristics anddriving factors. The research results show that the quality of urbanization in China has been greatly improved, but the quality ofurbanization presents obvious spatial differentiation characteristics of“east is higher than west is lower, and the middle isdifferentiated”. The inter-provincial differences of high-quality development of urbanization in the eastern region show a trend ofnarrowing;the inter-provincial differences in the western region show no obvious change;and the inter-provincial differences inthe central region show a trend of widening. Industrial structure, government guidance and utilization of foreign capital are themain factors that lead to the spatial differentiation of high-quality development of urbanization in eastern, central and westernregions. In order to optimize the layout and form of urbanization, the eastern, central and western regions should carry out urbanagglomeration construction according to the specific development characteristics and direction.