布依语基本颜色词的隐喻和转喻

Metaphors and Metonymies of Basic Color Words in Bouyei Language

认知语言学的隐喻和转喻理论在布依语颜色词中的应用比较普遍,使布依语颜色词的语义得到扩展和延伸。布依语颜色词可以通过隐喻的相似性原则,从颜色域投射到情感、道德、经济等领域,以认知不熟悉或难以把握的事物和抽象概念;也可利用转喻的邻近性原则,如语码的邻近或被指称事物的邻近来表示、命名某类客观存在的物体和事件。但不同的颜色词,其隐喻义和转喻义的丰富程度会有差别。有时,颜色词的隐喻和转喻机制的应用界限并不分明,二者可存于一个喻体中。

The theories of metaphor and metonymy in cognitive linguistics are widely used in Bouyei color words. They expand and extend the semantics of Bouyei color words. Bouyei color words can be projected from color domain to emotional, moral, economic and other domains through the principle of metaphorical similarity, in order to understand things and abstract concepts that are unfamiliar or difficult to grasp. They can also use the proximity principle of metonymy, such as the proximity of the code or the proximity of the alleged thing, to express and name a certain kind of objective objects and events. However, different color words have different levels of metaphorical and metonymic meanings. Sometimes, the application boundary of the metaphor and metonymy mechanism of color words is not clear, and the two can exist in the same vehicle.