广州市天河社区50岁以上高血压患者血压控制现状及影响因素

Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of blood pressure control in patients over 50 years old with hypertension in Tianhe Community of Guangzhou

目的了解广州市天河区城市社区50岁以上高血压患者血压控制现状及影响因素,为广州市天河社区50岁以上高血压患者有效控制血压提供依据.方法采取整群随机抽样的方法,从天河区22个街道中,随机抽取8个街道,每个街道随机抽取150名50岁及以上高血患者对其进行问卷调查和体格检查.运用SPSS 20.0进行χ2检验,用二元logistic回归分析影响社区50岁以上高血压患者血压控制情况的因素.结果广州天河社区50岁以上高血压患者总体血压控制率为37.03%.单因素分析结果显示,不同收入水平、患病病程、是否有家庭遗传史、饮食习惯、药物使用情况、接受健康管理情况、是否参加体育锻炼、睡眠状况的50岁以上高血压患者的血压控制率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,不同年龄、不同收入水平、患病病程、是否有家庭遗传史、饮食习惯、药物使用情况、接受健康管理情况、是否参加体育锻炼是社区50岁以上高血压患者的影响因素(P<0.05).结论广州市天河社区50岁以上高血压患者血压控制率相对较低.建议加强社区老年人慢性病的健康教育,提高高血压患者的健康素养,提高血压控住率.规范化的社区健康管理有利于提高血压控制率,社区家庭医生可根据患者的年龄、患病病程、饮食习惯、运动锻炼等相关因素采取综合性的预防干预措施.

Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of blood pressure control in patients over 50 years old with hypertension in Tianhe District of Guangzhou. Methods A total of 150 patients aged over 50 years with hypertension were randomly selected from 8 streets of the 22 streets of Tianhe District by cluster random sampling. The factors influencing blood pressure control of hypertension patients over 50 years old were analyzed with binary logistic regression. Results The total blood pressure control rate of patients over 50 years old in Tianhe Community of Guangzhou was 37.03%. The results of single factor analysis showed that there were significant differences in blood pressure control rates among hypertension patients over 50 years old with different ages, income levels, courses of disease, family genetic histories, dietary habits, drug use, health management, physical exercise and sleep status(P<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age, income level, course of disease, family genetic history, dietary habits, drug use, health management and physical exercise were the influencing factors(P<0.05). Conclusion The blood pressure control rate of hypertension patients over 50 years old in Tianhe Community of Guangzhou City is relatively low. It is suggested that health education on chronic diseases should be strengthened in the community. Standardized community health management can improve the rate of blood pressure control, and community family doctors can take comprehensive preventive intervention measures according to patients′ age, disease course, diet habits, exercise and other related factors.