社会工作介入城市家庭长子女心理问题的探析

An Analysis of Social Work Intervention in the Psychological Problems of Urban First-born Children

“全面二孩”政策的实施,给社会带来了诸多方面的影响。其中,二孩时代的到来对长子女所产生的一些心理问题逐渐引起了学界的关注。本文立足社会工作的视角,分析长子女出现心理问题的原因主要是家长的溺爱、与二孩之间缺少互动、父母对疏导长子女情绪的忽视以及父母言行中具有偏向性。社会工作在对长子女介入时,可以利用朋辈小组疏导长子女的情绪,也可以鼓励长子女参与二孩的照料来增进孩子间的互动;在对父母进行介入时,应加强父母与长子女间的沟通,注重提升父母对言行公平性的敏感度,同时链接外部资源帮助父母改进教养方式。

With the implementation of the universal second-child policy,it has brought many influences to the society.Among them,the arrival of the second child has caused some psychological problems in the firstborn child and gradually attracted the attention of the academic circle.From the perspective of social work,this study analyzes the main reasons for the psychological problems of the firstborn children,including:the doting of parents,the lack of interaction with the second child,the parents’neglect of guiding the emotions of the firstborn children and the biased nature of parents’words and deeds.When intervening with firstborn children,peer groups can be used to release the emotions of the firstborn children,and social workers also can encourage firstborn children to participate in the care of the second child to enhance the interaction between the children.In the intervention of parents,we should strengthen the communication between parents and their firstborn children,pay attention to improving the sensitivity of parents to the fairness of speech and behavior,and link external resources to help parents improve their parenting methods.