晕厥的急诊处理流程

Procedures for emergency management of syncope

晕厥是指由于大脑低灌注导致的短暂意识丧失,其特点为突发、短暂、可自行恢复。晕厥是常见的儿童急症,占儿科急诊的1%~3%。晕厥的急诊处理流程包括三个方面:晕厥的诊断及与其他短暂意识丧失的鉴别诊断,晕厥的初步评估(详细的病史询问、体格检查、心电图检查)和基于危险分层的急诊晕厥管理。

Syncope is defined as transient loss of consciousness(TLOC)due to cerebral hypoperfusion,characterized by a rapid onset,short duration,and spontaneous complete recovery. Syncope is a common pediatric emergency,accounting for 1% to 3% of pediatric emergencies. The emergency management of syncope includes three aspects:the diagnosis of syncope and the differential diagnosis with other transient loss of consciousness,the initial syncope evaluation(careful history taking,physical examination,electrocardiography),and management of syncope in the emergency department based on risk stratification.