家庭照料人员模式对老年人身心健康影响研究

Study on the effect of family caregiver model on physical and mental health of elderly

目的分析家庭照料人员模式对老年人身心健康的影响,为促进健康养老提供依据。方法经过培训的调查员于2019年7月至8月,对多阶段抽样产生的782名60岁及以上城乡老年人入户访问调查。结果老年人健康自评得分为(7.69±1.53)分,半数老年人患有至少1种慢性病,抑郁评分为(1.39±2.37)分。家庭中主要关注被调查老年人健康问题的责任人、身体不适照料人和心理健康照料人都是老年人和子辈共同参与的模式比例均最高,分别为45.0%、39.0%和41.7%,Logistic回归分析显示家庭照料人员模式与老年人的身体健康和心理健康相关,但与老年人自评健康无关。结论子辈与配偶仍是老年人身心健康的最主要照料人,建议多措并举推广子辈与配偶共同参与的老年健康照料模式。

Objective In order to analyze the effect of family caregiver model on the physical and mental health of the elderly,and provide basis information for promoting health care for the elderly.Methods In July and August 2019,trained investigators conducted household surveys on 782 urban and rural elderly people aged 60 and over who were sampled in multiple stages.Results The result showed that the self-assessment health score of the elderly was(7.69±1.53),half of the elderly had at least one chronic disease,and the depression score was(1.39±2.37).The most common patterns of health responsible persons,physical discomfort caregivers and mental health caregivers were their children and spouses together the proportions were 45.0%,39.0%and 41.7%,respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the family caregiver model was only related to the physical and mental health of the elderly,but not related to the self-rated health of the elderly.Conclusion Children are still important caregivers for the physical and mental health of the elderly.It is recommended to take multiple measures to promote children and spouse caring elderly together.