营养干预在髋关节置换术围手术期的应用

Application study of nutrition risk screening and intervention in perioperative period of hip replacement patients

目的探讨营养风险筛查及干预在髋关节置换术患者围手术期的应用效果。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2019年4月100例接受全髋关节置换术治疗患者资料,以2018年1月至2018年6月50例未接受营养干预患者为对照组,2018年11月至2019年4月50例实施营养风险筛查及干预患者为观察组。对两组患者入院第1天、术后7天营养指标变化、术后恢复情况、术后并发症发生情况及护理满意度对比分析。结果入院第1天,两组人血白蛋白(ALB)、总蛋白(TP)、血红蛋白(Hb)水平对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后7天,与同期对照组对比,观察组上述指标水平明显较高(P<0.05)。与对照组对比,观察组术后首次排气时间、术后首次下床时间、术后住院时间明显较短(P<0.05)。术后并发症发生率观察组为8.00%,与对照组对比明显较低(P<0.05)。护理满意率观察组为96.00%,与对照组对比明显较高(P<0.05)。结论在髋关节置换术围术期实施营养风险筛查及干预,可有效改善患者营养状况,减少术后并发症发生,促进术后恢复,患者满意度良好,具有较高临床应用价值。

Objective To explore the effect of nutritional risk screening and intervention in perioperative period of hip replacement patients.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the data of 100 patients undergoing total hip replacement from Jan 2018 to Apr 2019,from Jan 2018 to Jun 2018,50 patients without nutritional intervention were taken as the control group,and from Nov 2018 to Apr 2019,50 patients with nutritional risk screening and intervention were taken as the observation group.The changes of nutritional indexes on the first day of admission and 7 days after operation,the postoperative recovery,the postoperative complications and the nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared.Results On the first day of admission,the serum albumin(ALB),total protein(TP),and hemoglobin(Hb)levels of the two groups were compared,the difference were not statistically significant(P>0.05),7 days after operation,compared with the control group at the same period,the level of the above indicators in the observation group were significantly higher(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the time of the first postoperative exhaust,the time of the first getting out of bed and the time of hospitalization in the observation group were significantly shorter(P<0.05).The incidence rate of postoperative complications in the observation group was 8.00%,compared with the control group(24.00%),significantly lower(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction rate in the observation group was 96.00%,compared with the control group(82.00%),significantly higher(P<0.05).Conclusion Nutritional risk screening and intervention during perioperative period of hip replacement can effectively improve the nutritional status of patients,reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications,promote postoperative recovery,have good patient satisfaction,and have high clinical application value.