革兰阴性菌包膜应激反应系统的调控机制及对致病性的影响

Regulatory Mechanism of Envelope Stress Response System of Gram-negative Bacteria and Its Effect on Pathogenicity

革兰阴性菌的包膜是细菌与外环境之间的屏障,也是许多重要生物过程发生的场所。外界环境的变化、毒性分子以及抗生素等均可破坏包膜结构,造成包膜功能紊乱。细菌感知外界压力并对压力做出反应依赖于包膜应激反应系统。革兰阴性菌的包膜应激反应系统由一系列的调节性水解级联反应组成,包括多种双组分信号转导系统以及RNA聚合酶相关的替代σ因子系统。包膜应激反应系统通过感知压力信号调控基因转录,从而对抗压力,维持细菌包膜结构和功能的完整性。

The envelope of Gram-negative bacteria is the barrier between bacteria and the external environment,and it is also the place where many important biological processes take place.The changes of external environment,toxic molecules and antibiotics can destroy the envelope structure and result in the envelope dysfunction.Bacteria sense and respond to stress through the envelope stress response system.The envelope stress response system of Gram-negative bacteria consists of a series of regulatory hydrolysis cascades,including a variety of two-component signal transduction systems and RNA polymerase-related alternativeσfactor systems.The envelope stress response system can resist stress and maintain the integrity of bacterial envelope structure and function by sensing pressure signals and regulating gene transcription.