外泌体源性miRNA在胃癌中的研究进展

Research Progress of Exosome-Derived MiRNA in Gastric Cancer

胃癌是一种常见的消化系统恶性肿瘤,具有高发病率和高死亡率的特点,目前仍缺乏有效的治疗干预手段。外泌体是一类直径大小为40~100 nm的具有膜结构的囊性小泡,膜内包含有多种生物学活性物质。其可作为一种信使介导细胞间的信号传递,将膜内活性物质递送至其他细胞内进而发挥相应的生物学功能。外泌体源性微RNA(miRNA)在胃癌的发生、发展中发挥重要作用。外泌体源性miRNA具有较好的稳定性以及较高的表达丰度。胃癌细胞自分泌外泌体miRNA和肿瘤微环境来源外泌体miRNA均可以参与调控胃癌的发生、发展以及转移等。

Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system,with high morbidity and high mortality,andthere is no effective interventive method for its treatment at present.Exosomes are a class of cystic vesicles with a membrane structure with a diameter of 40-100 nm,which contain various biologically active substances.It can be used as a messenger to mediate signal transmission between cells,deliver the active substance in the membrane to other cells and then play the corresponding biological function.Exosome-derived microRNA(miRNA)play an important role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.Above all,exosome-derived miRNA have better stability and higher expression abundance.Gastric cancer cells-derived exosomes miRNA and tumor microenvironment-derived exosomes miRNA both could participate in regulating the occurrence,development and metastasis of gastric cancer.