支气管肺泡灌洗治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的肺功能分析及其疗效研究

Pulmonary Function Analysis of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Children with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia and its Curative Ettect

目的探讨支气管肺泡灌洗治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的肺功能分析及其疗效。方法抽取2019年1—9月该院收治的5岁以上肺炎支原体肺炎患儿100例,分为对照组和观察组,各50例。对照组给予常规治疗:包括抗感染、雾化吸入、祛痰、机械辅助排痰及营养支持等对症支持治疗;观察组:在对照组基础上联合纤维支气管镜进行支气管肺泡灌洗。对两组患者治疗前后的肺功能、治疗后的临床症状改善情况和并发症发生率进行比较研究。结果进行治疗后观察组患儿的气喘、呼吸困难、哮鸣音和咳嗽改善时间(3.52±0.84),(3.17±0.65),(3.45±1.18),(4.17±0.63)d均短于对照组患儿(5.71±1.13),(5.76±0.81),(5.73±0.96),(6.54±1.63)d,差异有统计学意义(t=4.479、5.620、4.862、4.381,P<0.05);进行治疗前两组患儿的FEV1、FVC和MMF指标比较均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),进行治疗7 d和3个月后观察组患儿的FEV1、FVC和MMF指标(2.97±0.70)、(3.25±0.73),(2.14±0.39)、(2.63±0.43),(1.59±0.68)、(1.78±0.53)L均高于对照组患儿(2.64±0.71)、(2.96±0.47),(1.75±0.37)、(1.97±0.31),(1.38±0.67)、(1.56±0.42)L,差异有统计学意义(t=4.053、3.875,4.127、4.382,4.084、4.116;P=0.020、0.027,0.031、0.025,0.036、0.041);进行治疗后观察组患儿的心律失常、发热、恶心呕吐和低氧血症发生率[1(2.00%)]低于对照组患儿[7(14.00%)],差异有统计学意义(χ^2=8.647,P=0.000)。结论支气管肺泡灌洗治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎能有效促进患儿的临床症状改善,提高患儿的肺功能,还具有较低并发症发生率,减少并发哮喘的向率。

Objective To investigate the pulmonary function analysis and curative effect of bronchoalveolar lavage in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Methods A total of 100 children with M. pneumoniae pneumonia who were admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to September 2019 were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group of 50 cases. The control group was given conventional treatment: including symptomatic support treatment such as anti-infection, nebulized inhalation, expectoration, mechanical assisted sputum excretion, and nutritional support;observation group: bronchoalveolar lavage was performed on the basis of the control group in combination with fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The lung function before treatment, the improvement of clinical symptoms after treatment and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the observation group’s asthma, dyspnea, wheezing, and cough improvement time(3.52±0.84),(3.17±0.65),(3.45±1.18),(4.17 ±0.63)d were less than those of the control group(5.71 ±1.13),(5.76 ±0.81),(5.73 ±0.96),(6.54 ±1.63)d,the difference was statistically significant(t=4.479, 5.620, 4.862, 4.381, P<0.05);FEV1, FVC and MMF indexes of the two groups of children before treatment were not statistically significant difference(P>0.05), FEV1, FVC and MMF indexes of observation group children after 7 days and 3 months of treatment(2.97 ±0.70)、(3.25 ±0.73),(2.14 ±0.39)、(2.63 ±0.43),(1.59±0.68)、(1.78±0.53)L higher than those in the control group(2.64 ±0.71)、(2.96±0.47),(1.75 ±0.37)、(1.97 ±0.31),(1.38 ±0.67)、(1.56 ±0.42)L,the difference was statistically significant(t =4.053, 3.875, 4.127, 4.382,4.084, 4.116;P =0.020, 0.027, 0.031, 0.025, 0.036, 0.041);the incidence of arrhythmia, fever, nausea, vomiting and hypoxemia in the observation group after treatment [1(2.00%)] is lower than that in the control group [7(14.00%)],the difference was statistically significant(t=8.647, P=0.000). Conclusion The bronchoalveolar lavage treatment of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of children and improve the lung function of children. It also has a lower incidence of complications and reduces the chance of complicated asthma.