运动物体大气扰流的可视化光学监测方法

Visual monitoring method for atmospheric disturbance of moving objects

建立了对运动物体在大气层内运动引发的大气扰流进行可视化光学监测的方法,包括大气扰流光传输方法、大气扰流光偏折监测方法,以及高精度扰动检出方法三个部分。首先,在分析大气扰流引发光线偏折机理的基础上,研究了大气扰流区光线折射率、折射率梯度和光线偏折传输的计算方法;其次,基于背景纹影成像原理的监测系统各参数对监测效能影响的分析方法;最后,利用"整像素搜索+亚像素定位"的高精度扰动检出方法,分别建立了这三种方法的数学模型并开展了仿真分析。结果表明:该方法为可视化监测航天飞行器返回大气层着陆减速、降落伞动力展开、客机超音速飞行等过程中与大气的相互作用,提供了一种重要的方法与途径,监测结果可为优化气动外形提供数据支撑。

A method for visual monitoring atmospheric disturbance caused by flight of moving objects in the atmosphere was established,including three parts:light transmission in atmospheric disturbance,method of monitoring light deflection in atmospheric disturbance,and high-precision disturbance detection method.Firstly,starting from the analysis of the principle of light deflection caused by atmospheric disturbance,calculation methods of refractive index,refractive index gradient,and light deflection transmission were researched;Secondly,based on principle of Background Oriented Schlieren,method for analyzing the influence of various parameters on monitoring system performance was proposed;Finally,integral pixel search and sub-pixel location were used to form the high-precision detection method for detecting atmospheric disturbance.Related mathematical models for those three methods were established respectively and simulation analyses were developed respectively.The results show that this method provides an important method and way to visually monitor the interaction of spacecraft with the atmosphere during the process of returning to the atmosphere,landing deceleration,parachute power deployment,and passenger plane supersonic flight.The results of this paper provide an important method and approach to monitor atmospheric disturbance for optimizing aerodynamic shape.