27种植物提取物抗烟草花叶病毒活性分析

Study on Anti-tobacco Mosaic Virus Activity of 27 Plant Extracts

以烟草花叶病毒(TMV)为模式病毒,采用半叶枯斑法及叶圆片法,对27种植物提取物的抗TMV活性进行筛选。结果表明:在浓度为1 mg/mL时12种植物提取物对TMV有治疗作用,其中藿香蓟对TMV的治疗作用最显著,抑制率为53.06%,与阳性对照药剂宁南霉素(57.33%)相比无显著差异。8种植物提取物对TMV侵染具有保护效应,其中马桑的保护活性最高,抑制率达53.64%;其次为银胶菊和黑蒿,抑制率分别为46.51%和36.63%。9种植物提取物对TMV有体外钝化作用,其中革命菜、荨麻和藿香蓟3种植物提取物的钝化活性较强,抑制率分别是62.20%、54.92%和51.75%。22种植物提取物对TMV增殖有抑制活性,且活性高于或相当于阳性对照宁南霉素处理组,其中水麻、香丝草处理组的病毒含量相当于健康烟叶,表明其能完全抑制TMV增殖。

In this study,tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)was used as a model virus,and 27 plant ethanol extracts were screened by using half-leaf method and leaf disk method.According to the result,12 plant extracts showed curative effects on TMV infection at a concentration of 1 mg/mL.Among them,Ageratum conyzoides is the most effective with inhibition rate of 53.06%relative to that of positive control Ningnanmycin(57.33%).Eight plant extracts play significant protective effects in TMV infection,the most effective is Coriaria nepalensis with a inhibition rate of 53.64%,followed by Parthenium hysterophorus and Artemisia palustris with inhibition rates of46.51%and 36.63%,respectively.Nine plants exert inactivation effects on TMV,Crassocephalum crepidioides,Urtica fissa and Ageratum conyzoides have favorable inactivation activities,and the inhibition rates are 62.20%,54.92%and 51.75%,respectively.Twenty-two extracts showed anti-TMV proliferation activity superior to or equivalent to Ningnanmycin.The concentration of TMV detected in Debregeasia orientalis and Conyza bonariensis are relative to that of the health tobacco,indicating the most significant anti-TMV proliferation activities.