江苏淮南麦区主栽小麦品种产量及其构成因素的通径分析

Path Analysis of Yield and Yield Components of Elite Wheat Cultivars in Huainan Wheat Zone of Jiangsu

为了探明江苏淮南麦区主栽小麦品种产量及其构成因素,以‘扬麦16’‘、扬麦18’‘、扬麦20’‘、镇麦12号’‘、宁麦14’和‘镇麦168’共6个品种为试验材料,在大田条件下,对不同品种的籽粒产量及其构成因素进行相关性分析与通径分析。结果表明:不同品种间的小麦籽粒产量及其构成因素差异较大,部分品种间的籽粒产量达显著水平。穗数以‘扬麦20’最高,‘扬麦18’最低,除‘扬麦20’与‘镇麦168’、‘扬麦16’与‘扬麦18’差异不显著外,其他品种间差异达显著水平;穗粒数以‘镇麦12号’最高,‘扬麦16’穗粒数最低,‘扬麦20’‘、宁麦14’与‘镇麦168’差异不显著;千粒重除‘镇麦12号’与‘宁麦14’2个品种间的差异不显著外,其他品种间的千粒重差异均达显著水平,其中‘镇麦168’最高,‘扬麦20’最低。籽粒产量构成三要素与产量间的表现均为正相关且差异水平达显著或极显著水平,籽粒产量三要素对不同品种产量的提高均具有促进作用,但不同品种产量三要素对提高籽粒产量的作用不一致。

To determine the yield and yield components of elite wheat cultivars in Huainan Wheat Zone of Jiangsu, a total of six cultivars including‘Yangmai16’,‘Yangmai18’,‘Yangmai20’,‘Zhenmai12’,‘Ningmai14’and‘Zhenmai168’were used as materials. Correlation analysis and path analysis were carried out on grain yield and yield components of these materials in field. The results showed that the grain yield and yield components among cultivars had a great variation, the grain yield reached the significant level in some cultivars.‘Yangmai20’had the highest spike number, while‘Yangmai18’had the lowest. The spike number between‘Yangmai20’and‘Zhenmai168’, and that between ‘Yangmai16’and‘Yangai18’had no significant difference. While the spike number of the other cultivars had significant difference.‘Zhenmai12’had the highest grains per spike, while‘Yangmai16’had the lowest.‘Yangmai20’,‘Ningmai14’and‘Zhenmai168’had no obvious difference.‘Zhenmai12’and‘Ningmai14’had no obvious difference, while the difference of other cultivars reached the significant level, the highest value appeared in‘Zhenmai168’and the lowest in‘Yangmai20’. In general, the yield components and yield have a positive correlation, which reaches the significant or extremely significant level, the yield components promote the yield increase of different cultivars, but the effects of yield components of different cultivars on yield increase are different.