有机氮素肥料对水稻植株生长及产量和品质的影响

Organic Active Nitrogen Fertilizer (OAN): Effects on Plant Growth, Yield and Quality of Rice

为了明确有机活性氮素肥料(简称OAN)对水稻植株生长和产量、品质的影响,提出其生产应用配套技术。以‘嘉引2号’为供试水稻品种,设置不施任何肥料的空白对照和4种不同施肥处理,开展了田间小区对比试验。T2处理(OAN配合磷钾肥施用)与对照及其他施肥处理相比,水稻单株有效穗数增多,成熟期植株干物质积累量增加;产量比T1处理(尿素配合磷钾肥施用)增产0.95%,比T3处理(单施OAN)增产12.94%,比T4处理(单施尿素)增产9.45%;稻米粒长和胶稠度增加,垩白米率降低,蛋白质和直链淀粉的含量提高,外观品质、蒸煮食味与营养品质有所改善。OAN与磷钾肥配合施用,具有促进水稻植株生长、增加籽粒产量和改善稻米品质的应用效果。

The objective is to study the effects of organic active nitrogen fertilizer(OAN)on plants growth,yield and quality of rice,and provide supporting technologies of production and application of the fertilizer.‘Jiayin 2’was used as the material,4 fertilizer treatments and one control with no fertilizer were set up.The field plot comparative experiment was conducted.Compared with control and other fertilization treatments,in T2(OAN combined with phosphate and potash fertilizer)had more effective panicles per plant and high dry matter accumulation at maturity.The yield of T2 was increased by 0.95%compared with that of T1(urea combined with phosphate and potash fertilizer),by 12.94%compared with T3(only OAN),and by 9.45%compared with T4(only urea).Meanwhile,the grain length and gel consistency was improved,while the chalk white rice rate was decreased;the protein,amylase,appearance quality,cooking and taste quality,and nutritional quality were improved.Thus,the organic active nitrogen fertilizer(OAN)should be applied with phosphate and potash fertilizer,which could promote rice plants growth,increase grain yield and improve rice quality.