我国企业举办职业院校政策的变迁与优化——基于历史制度主义的分析

On Changes and Optimization of Policies of Enterprises Running Vocational Colleges in China——Analysis Based on Historical Institutionalism

企业举办职业院校政策适切于职业教育发展的逻辑起点,对企业举办职业院校政策的变迁及优化进行探究具有极强的理论意义和应用价值。基于历史制度主义的分析框架,从历史进程的关键节点上看,我国企业举办职业院校政策历经了探索初建、反复与摇摆、深化发展3个历史发展阶段;从深层结构—路径依赖—动力机制的制度分析框架出发,我国企业举办职业院校政策深受教育管理体制、经济体制机制、科学技术发展等深层结构的影响,由政府和企业的利益博弈机制所推动,也因国家自我强化效应的影响而存在路径依赖的断裂式发展困境。基于此,从外部体制环境、行动选择、配套保障3个维度提出我国企业举办职业院校政策的优化选择。

The policies of vocational colleges organized by enterprises is suitable for the logical starting point of the development of vocational education. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and application value to explore the changes and optimization of policies about vocational college organized by enterprises. Based on the analysis framework of historical institutionalism, on the one hand, from the perspective of the key nodes of the historical process, the policies of Chinese enterprises to organize vocational colleges have gone through three stages of historical development: initial construction, repetition and swing, and deepening development;on the other hand, starting from the institutional analysis framework of deep structure-path dependence-dynamic mechanism, the policies of Chinese enterprises to run vocational schools are deeply affected by the deep structure of education management system, economic system and mechanism, scientific and technological development, etc. The promotion is also due to the interest game mechanism between government and enterprises, the influence of the government’s self-reinforcing effect, which result in a path-dependent fractured development dilemma. Based on this, from three dimensions of external system environment, action choice and supporting guarantee, the paths to optimize policies for Chinese enterprises to hold vocational colleges.