功能性近红外脑成像研究双侧中度以上听力损失对婴儿大脑皮层功能的影响

The Effects of Moderate-to-profound Hearing Loss on Infant Cortical Function Based on Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy

目的探讨外周听觉通路异常是否在生命早期已对皮层功能正常发育产生影响,为儿童早期听力损失干预及康复计划的制定提供依据。方法50例婴儿(3~6月龄)纳入研究,其中听力正常35例(听力正常组),双侧对称性中度及以上程度感音神经性听力损失15例(听力损失组),分别进行静息态功能性近红外脑成像技术(functional near-infrared spectroscopy,fNIRS)测试,采用半球自主性系数(hemispheric autonomy index,AI)评估大脑皮层的功能特性。结果两组婴儿AI的空间分布存在差异,听力正常组婴儿左侧颞叶AI显著高于右侧(L-R=0.0751±0.0148,P<0.0001),听力损失组婴儿左侧额叶AI显著高于右侧(L-R=0.0643±0.0187,P<0.0001)。结论中度及以上程度感音神经性听力损失婴儿在3~6月龄时大脑皮层功能已与听力正常婴儿产生差异。

Objective To study whether peripheral auditory pathway abnormalities have an effect on the normal development of cortical functional connectivity in early stage of life,and to provide an accordance for the intervention and rehabilitation planning of hearing loss in early childhood.Methods Fifty participants were included for final analysis,35 of them with normal hearing and 15 of them with moderate-to-profound hearing loss.Auditory electrophysiological methods were used to hearing thresholds of participants,and Smart NIRS system was used to document resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS).Results There were differences in the spatial distribution of hemispheric autonomy index(AI)between the two groups.In the normal hearing group,the AI of left temporal lobe was significantly higher than that of the right side(L-R=0.0751±0.0148,P<0.0001),and in hearing loss group,the AI of left frontal lobe was significantly higher than that of right side(L-R=0.0643±0.0187,P<0.0001).Conclusion The cortical function of infants with congenital hearing loss is different from that of normal hearing infants at 3~6 months.