计算宣传:人工智能时代的公共舆论新形态

computational propaganda: A New Form of Public Opinion in the AI Era

计算宣传是当前一种最新的、普遍的、全球性的宣传形式,是社交媒体平台、自动化机器人和大数据算法的集合体,旨在有组织地操纵公共舆论。计算宣传带来潜在的影响,通过伪造信息或活动“制造同意”,产生“虚假民主”;通过“两极分化”扰乱公共领域,撕裂社会共识;通过“武器化”的意识形态宣传改变全球地缘政治格局。计算宣传的治理,关乎世界信息传播新秩序的推进,需要多行为体的协同参与,以共建全球网络空间命运共同体。

computational propaganda is a new,popular and global-wide form of publicity,which is the combination of social.media platforms,automatic robots and big data algorithms,with an aim to manipulate public opinion in an organized way.The potential impact of computational propaganda could produce"false democracy"by fabricating information or activities to"create consent";disrupt the public sphere through"polarization"and tear social consensus;and change the global geopolitical pattern through"weaponized"ideological propaganda.The governance of computational propaganda has a bearing on the creation of a new order in the world information communications,and requires the collaboration and participation of multiple actors in building a global cyberspace community with a shared destiny.