“真相凋零”下的美国舆论生态极化现象分析

Polarization of the American Public Opinion Ecology in the Context of"Truth Decay"

近年来,尤其是特朗普当选美国总统以来,由于社交媒体和民粹主义的结合,美国互联网舆论生态越来越表现出“真相凋零”状态,日益分裂和极端化。社交媒体在政治上的影响力越来越大,而杜交媒体上绝大多数的政治话题帖子是由极少一部分人发出的。公众在媒体可信度、国家优先政策目标、意识形态和社会政治观点、国际问题等方面存在越来越严重的党派差异和代际差异。两党对对方的看法也越来越负面,甚至故对。政治话语生态越来越差,民众对政治话语生态不满。特朗普政府的对华政策没有反映民意,认为应与中国建立合作关系的美国公众仍占大多数。“真相凋零”和與论极化状态給美国的国家治理和外交关系带来挑战。

Due to the interplay of social media and populism over the past years,especially since Donald Trump assumed presidency,the American public opinion ecology has degraded into a state of"Truth Decay",becoring increasingly divisive and polarized.Social media is playing a more and more important role in politics in that a handful of social media users are generating an overwhelming majority of political posts.There are widening partisan differences as well as generational differences in the trust in media,national policy priorities,ideology and socio-political views,and international issues.The Democrats and Republicans are holding an increasingly negative if not adversarial view of each other.The political discourse is deteriorating,to the dissatisfaction of the public.A majority of the public still prefers a cooperative relation with China,which shows that the Trump Administration's China policy does not reflect public opinion."Truth Decay"and public opinion polarization pose great challenges to the governance of the US and its foreign relations.