“精准扶志扶智”:缓解脱贫地区返贫之行动路径

"Targeted Aspirational and Intellectual Support": Action Path for Keeping Certain Regionsfrom Re-poverty

脱贫攻坚的最后一公里,其重点并不在如何脱贫,而是如何脱贫不返贫。2020年,全国两会热议决战脱贫攻坚,如何防止返贫成关注重点,尤其是面对突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情,脱贫不返贫迎来了新的挑战。面对挑战,“精准扶志扶智”,实现“志”与“智”的双向精准互补,助推“输血式”往“造血式、参与式”扶贫转变、“要我脱贫”往“我要脱贫”转变、“无力脱贫”往“能够脱贫”转变。缓解脱贫地区返贫问题,应持续提高思想政治教育的有效性、继续加强精准扶贫知识技能教育、增强扶志扶智工作团队建设以及建立以农民为中心的扶志扶智文化规范。

The"last-kilometer"problem of poverty alleviation is not focused on eliminating poverty but on preventing re-poverty.The NPC and CPPCC sessions in 2020 once again pointed out the importance of keeping areas having shaken off poverty from falling back into poverty,which has met new challenges due to the outbreak of the Covid-19.In this context,the"targeted aspirational and intellectual support"is designed to improve both"aspiration"and"ability",and produce a change from the"donation"type of poverty alleviation to the"self-helped"type,from"low wiliness"to"strong wiliness",and from"inability"to"sufficient ability"for poverty reduction.To address the problem of re-poverty,we should continue to enhance the effectiveness of ideological and political education,strengthen the knowledge and skills training for targeted poverty alleviation,improve the personnel participating in the"targeted aspirational and intellctual support"work,and establish a cultural norm focusing on the farmers.