母猪妊娠期膳食纤维需要特点及其作用机制

The requirement characteristics and physiological effects of dietary fiber for pregnant sows

规模化猪场母猪繁殖性能逐渐提高,作为第七大营养素膳食纤维发挥了重要的生理作用,尤其在母猪妊娠期。文章总结近10年妊娠母猪膳食纤维相关的研究报道,探讨了妊娠母猪膳食纤维需要的特点。母猪膳食纤维需要随妊娠期生理代谢变化呈现一个动态的变化过程;随胎次增加妊娠母猪膳食纤维需要量增加,而且,可溶性纤维与不溶性膳食纤维比例也逐步发生变化;单个繁殖周期中母猪妊娠后期膳食纤维需要量高于妊娠前期,而且可溶性膳食纤维需要量增加。膳食纤维影响母猪繁殖性能的可能作用机制包括增加饲粮持水力和黏度、降低氧化应激和增强胰岛素敏感性、维持围产期能量代谢、促进乳糖和乳脂合成及调节肠道微生物类型变化等5个方面。

As the seventh nutrient,dietary fiber has played an important physiological role in the improvement of reproductive performance of pregnant sows in modern pig farms.In addition,the paper reviews the requirement characteristics of dietary fiber for pregnant sows during the last 10 years,and suggests at the requirement of dietary fiber has been a dynamic variation pattern for sows during gestation.As sows get older,the requirement of dietary fiber has increased,and the proportion of soluble and insoluble fiber also has gradually changed.At the same time,the requirement of dietary fiber and soluble fiber during late pregnancy were higher than those during early pregnancy in a single reproductive cycle.There are five possible mechanisms for dietary fiber to improve reproductive performance of sows as following,including the improvement of water holding capacity and viscosity of diet,and reducing oxidative stress,and increasing insulin sensitivity,and maintaining perinatal energy metabolism,and promoting lactose and milk fat synthesis,regulating the change of intestinal microbial types for pregnant sows and so on.