错误的选择:亦谈结核菌素的发现

A Bad Decision: Further Discussion on the Discovery of Tuberculin

基于德国医学史学家格拉德曼的研究,文章从技术与社会视角进一步讨论了科赫的结核菌素研究。文章发现科赫在研究结核病治疗药物时有三种可能的技术进路:免疫学进路、体内消毒进路、"焦土策略"。科赫之所以错误地选择了以失败告终的"焦土策略",除了受到先前认知的限制,还受到外部环境的影响。政府在推动科学发展时,应充分理解并严格遵循科学发展规律,为知识生产提供必要的支持,并尽可能减少外部环境对科学研究的干扰。

Based on the studies of German medical historian Christoph Gradmann,the article further discusses Koch’s tuberculin research from the perspective of technology and society.The article thinks that Koch had three research approaches when studying the treatment of tuberculosis:immunology,inner disinfection,"scorched-earth strategy".The reason why Koch erroneously chose the"scorched-earth strategy"that ended in failure was not only limited by his previous cognition,but also affected by external environment at that time.Therefore,when promoting scientific development,the government should fully understand and strictly follow the laws of scientific development,provide necessary support for producing knowledge,and minimize the interference of external environment on scientific research.