共通与殊异——马克思与怀特海的共同体思想之比较

Commonality and Differences: Comparison on the Community Thoughts of Marx and Whitehead

马克思与怀特海立足现实世界分别构建了体现唯物史观的"社会共同体"和关照自然存在的"宇宙共同体"。二者共同体思想都是总体性辩证法、过程-关系思维和机体理论的表达,在新主体性原则下彰显了寻求和谐共生、生态正义等价值向度。同时依循各自的哲学观和理论旨趣,围绕实现"真正共同体""平和的共同体"文明目标,他们的共同体范畴在构成要素、终极形态、实现路径上又存在不可忽视的诸多差异。对上述两种共同体思想的共通性与殊异性的比较研究,有助于促进马克思和怀特海哲学的深层对话,也必将为探讨"两个共同体"思想提供可资借鉴的理论资源。

Based on the real world,Marx and Whitehead constructed the"social community"embodying the historical materialism and the"universal community"concerning the natural existence.Both of them are the expression of holistic dialectics,process relationship thinking and organism theory.Under the principle of new subjectivity,they show the value of seeking harmonious coexistence and ecological justice.According to their own philosophy and theoretical purport,around the realization of"real community"and"peaceful community"civilization goal,their community category has many differences in the constituent elements,ultimate form and realization path that cannot be ignored.The comparative study of the two kinds of community thoughts will help to promote the deep dialogue between Marx’s and Whitehead’s philosophy,and will also provide theoretical resources for the discussion of"two communities".