太阳能补给的线型WSN能量高效路由算法

Energy Efficient Routing Algorithm for Linear WSN with Solar Energy Harvesting

线型无线传感器网络因其拓扑结构和节点能耗不均衡易导致能量空洞现象。针对该问题,构建具有太阳能采集功能的节点能量补给模型,结合节点在信息传输过程中的能量消耗,提出基于均匀节点分簇的路由算法。根据太阳能能量补给具有随机性、时变性且受天气影响波动大的特点,分别讨论晴天和阴天环境下节点能量采集功率变化趋势和太阳能补给特性,设置4种不同的节点传输阈值并分析其不同取值对网络生命周期、网络剩余能量和数据包传输总量的影响。仿真结果表明,与单跳传输路由算法相比,该算法能够有效均衡节点间的能耗,延长网络生命周期。

The imbalance between the topological structure of linear Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)and the energy consumption of nodes often results in the energy hole problem.To this end,this paper constructs an energy supply model of nodes with the solar energy collection function.According to the energy consumption of nodes during information transmission,an energy efficient routing algorithm based on even node clustering is proposed.Considering that the supply of solar energy is random,time-variant and prone to be influenced by weather,this paper discusses the power variation trend of collected solar energy of nodes and the features of solar energy supply in sunny and cloudy weather respectively.Then four kinds of different node transmission thresholds are set,and the influences of their different values on the life cycle,residual energy,and total number of data packet transmissions of the network are analyzed.Simulation results show that compared with the single-hop transmission routing algorithm,the proposed algorithm can effectively balance the energy consumption between nodes and extend the network life cycle.