检察行政公益诉讼制度的效果检验与完善路径基于双重差分法的实证分析

Study for Effects and Improvement Path of Administrative Public Interest Litigation Filed by the Procuratorate An Empirical Study based on Difference-in-Differences Method

行政公益诉讼制度持续发挥治理实效的关键,应当是激活地方横向监督机制,而非消解制度发展的“国家化”。利用双重差分法的实证检验表明,基于“国家化”路径发展的检察行政公益诉讼制度,在试点期间显著降低了工业废水的排放,发挥了治理实效。未来行政公益诉讼制度的完善路径,不仅应注重以多样化方式扩大社会主体参与,更为关键的应是继续提升地方法院、地方检察院对地方政府的独立性和权威性。这要求将检察行政公益诉讼实践证明行之有效的工作策略上升为制度规范,加强地方横向及纵向权力监督机制的“国家化”,以对冲法检系统的“地方化”。

The key strategy to the continued effectiveness of administrative public interest litigation systems should be to activate the local horizontal supervision mechanism rather than to eliminate the“state-centeredness”of the system.Using a difference-in-differences(DID)estimation method,this paper reveals the administrative public interest litigation system,which is in the path of“state-centricity”,has a significant negative impact on discharge of industrial wastewater during the pilot period.And the“state-centered”model has provided an important internal impetus for the successful establishment and the effective government performance of this system.The future improvement path of the administrative public interest litigation system should not only focus on expanding the participation of social main bodies in diverse ways,but also enhance the independence and authority of local courts and procuratorates over local governments,which requires turning the work strategies proved effective in practice into the institutional norms,in order to strengthen the“state-centeredness”of local lateral and longitudinal power supervision mechanism and to cope with the“localization”of the court and procuratorial system.