思维导图对医学生创新思维培养探析

The Research of Cultivation of Innovative Thinking in Medical Students by Mind Mapping

如何培养医学生创新思维是当前医学教育亟待解决的问题。文章拟探讨思维导图应用于医学生创新思维培养的理论基础、可行性分析、教学评价及未来展望。思维导图是结合左右脑功能的有效思维锻炼工具。创新思维是指以新颖独创的方法解决问题的思维过程。思维导图促进创新思维能力培养具有理论基础:脑科学理论,格式塔理论,建构主义学习理论,可视化教学理论。思维导图应用于创新思维能力培养具有可行性:思维导图有利于促进学生逻辑思维能力培养,为培养医学生创新思维储备热能。思维导图有助于发散思维和逆向思维的培养。创新性思维评价方法包括问卷调查主观评估法及创新思维量表评估法。未来在教学过程中尚需探索更好的教学方案和教学途径。未来也许结合创新思维训练方法和思维导图一起,可以更有效的提升医学生的创新思维能力。

How to cultivate the innovative thinking of medical students is an important problem to be solved in medical education.In this paper,the application of mind mapping to innovative thinking cultivation in medical students was explored in theoretical basis,feasibility analysis,teaching evaluation and prospects.Mind mapping is an effective thinking training tool which effectively combines the left and the right brain functions.Innovative thinking refers to the thinking process of solving problems with novel and original methods.The theoretical foundations of cultivation of innovative thinking ability by mind mapping are brain science theory,gestalt theory,constructivism learning theory and visual teaching theory.This method also has feasibility.Mind mapping is helpful to cultivate the medical students'logical thinking ability which can prepare for the innovative thinking.Mind mapping is also helpful for the cultivation of divergent thinking and reverse thinking.The evaluation methods of innovative thinking include questionnaire survey(subjective assessment method)and innovative thinking scale.Better teaching programs and teaching approaches still need to be explored in the future.Combining innovative thinking training methods and mind mapping may be more effective to improve the innovative thinking ability of medical students in the future.