我国无居民海岛开发不足的法律原因及因应——兼论《中华人民共和国海岛保护法》之完善

Analysis of the Legal Reasons and Countermeasures for the Insufficient Development of Uninhabited Islands in China:On the Perfection of Island Protection Law of the People's Republic of China

《海岛保护法》的出台使我国无居民海岛的开发进入法制化轨道。但目前我国无居民海岛开发利用整体不足,这除了无居民海岛自身存在的客观原因外,更多是由于《海岛保护法》存在的规范性不足,具体表现为:未能处理好无居民海岛开发与生态保护的关系、无居民海岛产权的内涵规定不明确、缺乏无居民海岛使用权的交易制度、对无居民海岛开发监管制度手段单一且力度不够等。因此,需要树立生态系统管理、自然资源资产化和政府与社会资本共同开发无居民海岛的新理念,在此基础上完善《海岛保护法》,并创新无居民海岛开发的新模式。

The promulgation of"Island Protection Law"makes the development of uninhabited islands in China into a legal orbit.However,at present,the development and utilization of uninhabited islands in China is generally insufficient.In addition to the objective reasons for the existence of uninhabited islands,it is more due to the lack of standardization in the island protection law.The specific performance is as follows:the relationship between the development and ecological protection of uninhabited islands is not well handled;the connotation of the property rights of uninhabited islands is not clear;the trading system of the right to use uninhabited islands is lacking;and the regulatory system for the development of uninhabited islands is single and insufficient.Therefore,it is necessary to establish new concepts of ecosystem management,natural resource assets and joint development of uninhabited islands by government and social capital,and on this basis not only to improve the deficiencies of the Island Protection Law,but also to innovate new modes of uninhabited islands development.