“庄周梦蝶”事件的意义指向——在“人-自然”维度上的考察

The Meaning Orientation of"Zhuang Zhou Meng Die":A Reflection from the Dimension of"Human and N ature"

“庄周梦蝶”具有与我国传统学术话语不同的解释。有的论者从生态主义的理论角度进行了阐释,但还有不足。“庄周梦蝶”代表着古典时代中国思想对人与自然、人与物之间关系的最高理解。庄子发展出一种新的审美形式,即心灵体验。在庄子看来,自然是体验的对象,属于心灵经验的范畴。更深入地说,庄子所揭示的“庄周梦蝶”诗性氛围有了新颖的、高度的意义指向:人与自然本质上就是“一”的。此即生命融通,没有隔阂,没有物我的两分。这才是最高形式的生态主义。要达到这种至高状态,需要通过“空明”,个体才有可能完成“人-自然”的积极融合。但“庄周梦蝶”在“人-自然”认识论上仍有不足:缺乏“交互主体经验”,以及忽视了“社会”这一因素。这是对“庄周梦蝶”的完整认识。

The explanation of"Zhuang Zhou Meng Die"in this contemporary era could be differed from Chinese traditional learning.Some theorists interpreted"Zhuang Zhou Meng Die"in a way of ecologism,but still have some deficiencies.This paper argues that,"Zhuang Zhou Meng Die"represents the ultimate understanding of"Human and Nature""Human and Substance"in Chinese Classical Age.Chuang Tsu Develops a new esthetical experience,that is Spiritual Ex perience.In Chuang Tsu's view,Nature is the object of Experience.More in-depth,the poetic atmosphere of"Zhuang Zhou Meng Die"as Chuang Tsu reveals,achieves a new meaning orientation:Human and Nature are the One.This is a Life aesthetics.The separation between Human and Nature never exists.It is the ultimate form of ecologism.To achieve this state,individuality needs"Kong Ming",then one can reach the active integration of"Human and Nature".However,"Zhuang Zhou Meng Die"reflects epistemological deficiencies,lacking of experience of interaction subject,and Society.This paper tries to get the relatively complete understanding of"Zhuang Zhou Meng Die".