“大健康扶贫”:农村医疗保障政策的衔接与升级——基于安徽省国家级贫困县Y县的调查

“Great Health Poverty Alleviation”,Connection and Upgrade of Rural Medical Security Policy:A Survey of the Povertystricken County Y-country of Anhui Province

在后扶贫时代,建立解决相对贫困的长效机制,实现乡村振兴和城乡一体化发展的关键是要从根本上打掉“因病致贫”这条“拦路虎”。健康扶贫政策的保障对象是2016年及以后被识别的贫困户,农村贫困边缘户比建档立卡贫困户在收入上略高,贫困边缘户在遭遇疾病时极大可能会陷入贫困状态,造成扶贫领域的“贫困悬崖”和“因病致贫、因病返贫”现象。针对农村健康扶贫保障范围之外和省外就医的贫困户群体,重点是贫困边缘户,将农村医疗保障政策与大病补充商业保险、大病医疗再救助和政府再救助等“补丁”政策进行衔接,将农村医疗保障政策升级为“大健康扶贫”格局,可以有效抑制“贫困悬崖”和“因病致贫、因病返贫”现象的发生。

The key to establishment and solution of the long-term mechanism of relative poverty in the post-poverty era and the realization of the strategy of rural revitalization and the integrated development of urban and rural areas is to fundamentally remove the“obstacle”of poverty caused by disease.The guarantee object of the health poverty alleviation policy is the poor households identified in 2016 and after.The income of the rural poor marginal households is slightly higher than that of the registered poor households.When the poor marginal households encounter diseases,they are likely to fall into poverty,resulting in the phenomenon of“poverty cliff”and“poverty caused by disease and poverty returned due to disease”in the field of poverty alleviation.For rural health poverty alleviation outside the scope of protection and treatment of poor group,especially the edge of poverty,rural medical security policy and supplementary commercial insurance,serious illness of a serious illness medical assistance and government assistance again“patch”policy such as cohesion,to upgrade the rural medical security policy for“big health poverty alleviation”pattern,can effectively restrain cliff“poverty”and“because of sickness poor,return to poverty due to illness”phenomenon.