甜食与清代满汉民族融合

Dessert and the Integration of Manchu and Han Nationalities in the Qing Dynasty

清入关后,满汉两族的甜食文化迅速交融。京师的满族擅长制作各种甜食,其主食满洲饽饽与小吃奶制甜食逐渐被汉族接受,并成为京师的流行风尚。与此同时,定都中原的满族贵族,受到汉族优秀饮食文化影响,宫廷御膳中出现了诸多汉族甜食,饮食呈现出多元一体的特征。另一方面,满汉两族在节日饮食、祭祀神灵等方面亦受到对方甜食的多重影响。二者在甜食上呈现出文化融合的趋势。

After the Qing empire expanded into central China,the food culture of the Manchu and Han nationalities merged.Manchu people who lived in the capital were good at making all kinds of desserts.Their staple food,Manchu cake and snacks,milk sweets,were gradually accepted by the Han nationality,and became popular in the capital area.At the same time,the Manchu nobles settling in central China were influenced by the excellent food culture of Han nationality,and integrated many desserts of Han nationality into the Royal court diet,which made their food culture exhibit diversity.On the other hand,the Manchu and Han nationalities were also influenced by each other’s sweet food in the aspects of festival food and sacrifices to gods.The two show a trend of cultural integration in sweet food.