土耳其对外高加索地区的政策及其困难

Turkey's Policy towards the Caucasus and its Difficulties

苏联解体后,土耳其将外高加索地区作为外交重要区域,大体经历试探性介入、调整过度和务实导向三个阶段特征。土耳其寄希望于加大对外高加索地区的重视程度和投入力度以获取利益。具体表现为扩大经贸合作以实现成为亚欧经贸运输的“中转站”、拉近政治互信以推进地区影响力深入“突厥”地区。但土耳其政策实施面临诸多困难,如俄罗斯的战略竞争、地区内部的敌对国家、地区内部复杂关系与自身政策缺陷,使土耳其无法对外高加索地区的局势施加更为积极影响,也未获得影响外高加索地区的主导地位。

After the collapse of the Soviet Union,Turkish diplomacy towards the Transccaucasian region has generally experienced three stages of tentative intervention,over-adjustment and pragmatic orientation.Turkey hopes to gain more attention and investment from the Transcaucasus.The concrete manifesta⁃tion is to expand economic and trade cooperation to become the"transit point"of economic and trade transportation between Asia and Europe,and to enhance political mutual trust to push regional influence deeper into the"Turkic"region.However,Turkey's policy implementation is faced with many difficulties,such as Russia's strategic competition,regional antagonistic countries,complex rela⁃tions within the region and its own policy defects,which make Turkey unable to exert more positive influence in the Caucasus region and fail to gain a leading position in influencing the Caucasus region.