氮磷钾配施对平欧杂交种榛果实发育时期光合特性和产量的影响

Effects of Combined Application of N,P and K on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Development Periods Corylus heterophylla×Corylus avellanay

【目的】研究氮磷钾配施对平欧杂交种榛果实发育时期光合特性和产量的影响,为提高平欧杂种榛产量、改善品质提供科学参考。【方法】以8年生新榛1号为材料,采用“3414”田间肥料效应试验,测定不同施肥配比条件下榛子果实发育时期的叶片光合特性和产量。【结果】(1)在土壤中等条件下,施用适量的N肥可以提高新榛1号果实坐果期(N纯量<0.71 kg/株)、速生生长期(N纯量<0.95 kg/株)、脂化期(N纯量<0.89 kg/株)和成熟期(N纯量<0.66 kg/株)的净光合速率(Pn);施用适量P肥可以提高果实脂化期(P纯量<0.29 kg/株)的净光合速率;施用适量K肥可以提高果实速生生长期(K纯量<0.25 kg/株)的净光合速率。(2)N肥与P肥的交互作用(N×P)可以提高果实速生生长期的净光合速率,但会降低新榛1号果实坐果期、脂化期、成熟期的净光合速率;N肥与K肥的交互作用(N×K)会降低果实速生生长期、脂化期的净光合速率;P肥与K肥的交互作用(P×K)会降低果实成熟期的净光合速率。【结论】平欧杂种榛果实发育时期N肥、P肥、K肥施肥(纯量)分别为0.81、0.23和0.19 kg/株。经换算,尿素、重过磷酸钙、硫酸钾施肥量分别为1.75、0.50和0.37 kg/株。

【Objective】To provide a scientific reference for improving the yield and quality of hazelnuts in Pingou hybrids.【Methods】Corylus heterophylla×Corylus avellanay from the 8th Anniversary of Xinjiang were taken as the research object and the"3414"field fertilizer effect test was used to determine the diurnal variation of photosynthetic characteristics of the leaves and yield of the scorpion in different development periods under different fertilization ratios.【Results】(1)In the case of specific medium soil nutrient,the application of N fertilizer could improve the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)in the fruit setting(N purified amount was less than 0.71 kg/plant),fast-growth period(N purified amount was less than 0.95 kg/plant),lipidation(N purified amount was less than 0.89 kg/plant)and maturity stages(N purified amount is less than 0.66 kg/plant)of Corylus heterophylla×Corylus avellana Xinzhen1;Application of P fertilizer could improve the net photosynthetic rate in the lipidation stages(P purified amount was less than 0.29 kg/plant);Application of K fertilizer could improve the net photosynthetic rate in the fast-growth period(K purified amount was less than 0.25 kg/plant);(2)The interaction between N fertilizer and P fertilizer(N×P)could improve the net photosynthetic rate in the fast-growth period,but could reduce the net photosynthetic rate in the fruit setting,lipidation and maturity stages of Corylus heterophylla×Corylus avellana Xinzhen1;The interaction between N fertilizer and K fertilizer(N×K)could reduce the net photosynthetic rate in the fast-growth period and lipidation stages;the interaction between P fertilizer and K fertilizer(P×K)could reduce the net photosynthetic rate in the maturity stages.【Conclusion】When pursuing the goal of maximizing output,the N,P and K fertilization amount(pure amount)parameters for the Corylus heterophylla×Corylus avellanay root fertilizer were:N fertilizer 0.81 kg/plant,P fertilizer 0.23 kg/plant,and K fertilizer 0.19 kg/plant.After conversion,the application amount of for urea,heavy calcium and potassium sulfate was respectively 1.75,0.50 and 0.37 kg/plant.