长江与黄河两大流域水生态问题剖析

Analysis of Aquatic Ecological Issues in the Yangtze and Yellow River Basins

对流域水生态的研究由传统单一的水质评价逐渐转变为河流生态质量的评价,基于河流健康保障的流域生态保护与发展已成为国际性趋势。长江、黄河两大流域内的生态保护与发展也是重大国家战略。以长江、黄河两大流域为研究对象,对两大流域水生态环境问题进行分区概述,并从河流湖库问题治理的关键是注重流域的整体性的角度,分析为维系两大流域水生态健康可开展的研究工作,最后将生态修复与景观设计结合考虑,提出注重景观价值的流域生态保护策略。

The research on water ecology of drainage basins has gradually changed from the traditional single evaluation of water quality to the assessment of ecological quality of the rivers.The ecological conservation and development of river basins,based on river health security,has become an international trend.In China,the ecological conservation and development in the Yangtze and Yellow River basins are major national strategies.This research targets the Yangtze and Yellow River basins,and summarizes their aquatic ecological environments.On a basis of the concept that the core of the basin management is to focus on the integrity of the basin,it analyzes the research works that are available to maintain the aquatic ecological health of the two basins.Finally,the landscape-value-oriented strategy of ecological protection is put forward taking into consideration of ecological restoration and landscape design.