快速斥力机构线圈盘磁场优化设计

Optimum Design of Coil Disc Magnetic Field of Rapid Repulsion Mechanism

基于涡流斥力原理的电磁斥力机构在直流断路器领域具有广阔的应用前景,但能量转换效率一直较低。为设计出1套电磁驱动效率较高的机构,基于有限元分析方法建立双线圈结构的电磁斥力机构仿真模型,首先仿真分析线圈匝数、高度、轴向匝数对快速斥力机构动态特性的影响,确定线圈盘的最优参数。然后,为提高驱动效率,避免磁饱和和功率损耗问题,分别从导磁材料、结构参数等方面对线圈盘骨架进行分析和优化设计,得到线圈盘导磁部件的最佳设计参数。仿真结果表明:线圈选用单层1×8的铜线,圈数30匝,直径200 mm,导磁材料应选用硅钢片材料,设计成E–2型结构,底板厚度8 mm,侧边厚度10 mm,相对于空芯双线圈斥力机构,电磁斥力峰值提升20.0%,最大分闸速度提升18.1%,驱动效率提升41.6%,为高性能快速斥力机构设计提供参考。

The electromagnetic repulsion mechanism(ERM) based on the principle of eddy current repulsion has been widely applied in DC circuit breakers, but its energy conversion efficiency is low. In order to design a high-efficiency ERM, we establish a simulation model of the ERM with double-coil structure by the finite element analysis method. Firstly, the effects of coil turns, height and axial turns on the dynamic characteristics of fast repulsion mechanism are simulated and analyzed, and the optimal parameters of coil disk are obtained. Then, in order to improve the driving efficiency and avoid the problems of magnetic saturation and power loss, the coil disc skeleton is analyzed and optimized from the aspects of magnetic conductive materials and structural parameters, and the optimal design parameters of the coil disc magnetic conductive components are obtained. The simulation results show that the coil is designed in 1×8 single layer type with the turns of 30 and the diameter of the coil is 200 mm. The best magnetic conductivity material is Silicon steel and the structure is E–2 type with floor thickness of 8 mm and side thickness of 10 mm. Compared with the hollow double-coil repulsive mechanism, the electromagnetic repulsion peak is increased by 20.0%, the maximum opening speed is increased by 18.1%, and the driving efficiency is increased by 41.6%, which provides a reference for the design of high-speed and high-speed and high-efficiency ERM.