肩水金关的机构与职能考

On the Organization and Functions of Jianshuijinguan Military Post

肩水金关遗址有关城、坞、烽燧等建筑,通过对不同探方出土简牍内容的分析,判断肩水金关关城是关啬夫、关佐的办公场所;肩水候、东部候长、骍北亭长等办公地点应分布在金关遗址北墙F6-9房间;烽燧方堡是金关官吏居住的场所,其中出土关啬夫薛安世私印。肩水金关下辖于肩水都尉府,曾是肩水候官的驻地,其长官肩水候直接管理东部候长、骍北亭长,而关啬夫不仅负责勘察往来行人及携带物品,还与东部候长和骍北亭长、卒等其他肩水金关的吏员存在密切的合作关系,使肩水金关的职能得到有效的运转。

The military post at Jianshuijinguan includes a series of buildings such as fortresses,wu(坞,small defense buildings),and beacon towers.An analysis of the bamboo slips unearthed from field sites indicates that the main fortress at Jianshuijinguan was the office for guansefu(关啬夫)and guanzuo(关佐),both important official positions in the Qin and Han dynasties.The offices for other officials including the jianshuihou(肩水候),dongbuhouzhang(部候长)and yibeitingzhang(骍北亭长)are likely located in rooms F6-9 against the north wall of the garrison.Finally,the information provided by the bamboo slips reveals that the square beacon tower at Jianshuijinguan was the living quarters for these various officials,which can be confirmed by the unearthing of a private seal of Xue Anshi who once served as a guansefu of the garrison.Primary control of Jianshuijinguan was relegated to the military officer jianshuiduweifu(肩水都尉府),and was at various times used as a garrison for jianshuihouguan(肩水候官),the chief of which directly managed the dongbuhouzhang and yibeiting zhang offices of military administration.The guansefu were not only responsible for checking the identities and belongings of people passing through Jianshuijinguan,but were also in close cooperation with the other officials working in the main fortress on the general management of the garrison.