村上春树文学的“中国”情结

The"China"Complex in Murakami Haruki’s Literature

小说既是作家创作意识变化的显现,又与社会文化语境密切相关。亲历战后民主主义教育的村上春树在民主、正义、平等思想的影响下,因日本过去的侵略行径对中国自觉怀有朴素的愧疚之心,并将这种良知的拷问与苛责编织进了文本中。村上小说揭示出了个人记忆会根据不同语境随着集体记忆的演变发生曲折的变化。村上通过中国他者反思日本近代历史的意图鲜明,但同时也表现出对中国的优越感,而支撑这种优越感的是作家未能摆脱近代以来形成的日本式东方学色彩。

The changing of novels’texts not only symbolizes the change of the writer’s writing ideas,but also relates to his social cultural background.Haruki experienced democratic education after World WarⅡand was greatly influenced by the thinking of democracy,justice,and equality.So he felt sorry to China for Japan’s invasion war,and put the torture and censure of conscience into his texts.However,with the advent of the era of highconsumption capitalism,young people of the"indifferent generation"who have lost interest in society and politics hardly feel such pain towards China,let alone understand it.They only pay attention to the spiritual world of their own.Murakami’s novels reveal that personal memory changes tortuously with the evolution of collective memory in different contexts.Although it is eighty-five years between Murakami-s era and that of Natsume Soseki,they have many similar experiences in writing about China.Murakami has a clear intention to reflect on the modern history of Japan through China as the Otherness,but at the same time he has shown a sense of superiority over China,which is supported by the writer’s failure to get rid of the Japanese orientalism formed since the beginning of modern times.