陈白沙交游及讲学活动轨迹初探

The Preliminary Study on the Track of Chen Baisha’s Interactive and Lecture Activities

交游与讲学活动是陈白沙心学思想型塑的核心环节。陈白沙交游广泛,勤于思考,取长补短。他在讲学活动中不断传播心学思想,逐渐形成自己的一家之言。其一生交游及讲学活动轨迹,大致可分为游学京师、静坐春阳台、会讲楚云台、盍簪嘉会楼、钓台传衣钵五大阶段。他迈出岭南,远足京师,游历江南,思想影响波及多地。在交游及讲学活动中,陈白沙广收门徒,建构出“学宗自然”的心学思想学说,标志着明初程朱理学一统天下格局的瓦解,显示出明代心学教育思潮的发端,促进了儒学岭南化局面的形成。

Interactive and lecture activities are the core links during the shaping of Chen Baisha’s thought.Chen Baisha has a wide range of friends and is good at thinking and learning from others.During his lecture activities,he spread his ideas of mind and gradually formed his own opinions.The track of his life-long interactive and lecture activities can be roughly divided into five stages:studying in Beijing,sitting on the Chunyangtai,speaking in the Chuyuntai,gathering at the Jiahuilou,and choosing the academic successor in the Diaotai.He stepped out of Lingnan(the south of the Five Ridges),hiked the capital,and traveled to Jiangnan(the south of the Yangtze River),which made his idea disseminated in many places.In the meantime,Chen Baisha extensively recruited disciples and constructed the educational purpose of nature,which marked the collapse of Neo-Confucianism in the early Ming Dynasty,showed the origin of the ideological trend of Mind education in the Ming Dynasty,and promoted the formation of the Lingnan Confucianism.